The period of high incidence of hemorrhagic bet365 online games is from November to January of the following year. The leaders of our school attach great importance to the health and safety of teachers and students, and require all departments to attach great importance to the publicity of hemorrhagic bet365 online games-related knowledge.
Understand the popularityHemorrhagic bet365 online games
Epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games, also known as hemorrhagic bet365 online games with renal syndrome (HFRS), referred to as hemorrhagic bet365 online games, is a natural focal disease caused by the epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games virus (hantavirus), with rodents as the main source of infection. .
1. Host animal and source of infection:There are more than 170 species of animals infected with hantavirus in the world, and there are 67 species in my country. Rodents such as Apoderma agrarian, Rattus norvegicus, and forest rats are the main sources of infection. Xi'an is a mixed epidemic area of house mice and wild mice. The main host animals and sources of infection are Apoderma agrarian and Rattus norvegicus. Humans are not the source of infection.
2. Transmission route
(1) Respiratory tract transmission: The aerosols formed by rodent-carrying virus excretions such as urine, feces, saliva and other contaminated dust can be transmitted through the respiratory tract and cause human infection. There are many cases in China of laboratory workers becoming infected through respiratory tract transmission.
(2) Digestive tract transmission: Infection can occur through the oral cavity or gastrointestinal tract mucosa by eating food contaminated by rodent excrement.
(3) Contact transmission: Rat bites and broken wounds can also lead to infection after contact with virus-laden rat excrement or blood.
(4) Vertical transmission: After pregnant women are infected with this disease, the virus can infect the fetus through the placenta. Epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games virus has been isolated from the organs of aborted fetuses of pregnant women infected with epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games.
(5) Insect-borne transmission: Although epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games virus has been isolated from chiggers, its transmission role needs to be further confirmed.
3． Susceptible groups:The population is generally susceptible and the latent infection rate is low. Due to different exposure opportunities, the incidence rate is high among young adults and they have long-lasting immunity after illness.
4. Popular season:It can occur in all seasons, but there is an obvious epidemic season. The wild mouse type has its peak from November to January of the following year, and the house mouse type has its epidemic peak from March to May.
5． Incubation period and clinical manifestations
The incubation period of hemorrhagic bet365 online games is generally 2 to 3 weeks. The clinical course of typical cases is divided into five stages: bet365 online games stage, hypotensive shock stage, oliguric stage, polyuria stage and recovery stage.Hemorrhagic bet365 online games Song: High bet365 online games, flushed face and drunk appearance, three red and three pains like a cold, bleeding spots on skin and mucous membranes, nausea, vomiting and proteinuria)。
(1) bet365 online games period: Mainly manifested by symptoms caused by infectious viremia and systemic capillary damage. The onset is sudden, with symptoms such as bet365 online games (38°C to 40°C), three pains (headache, low back pain, and orbital pain), nausea, vomiting, chest tightness, abdominal pain, diarrhea, and general joint pain, and three rednesses in the skin and mucous membranes (face, neck, and。
(2) Hypotension shock period: Most patients experience a drop in blood pressure at the end of bet365 online games or at the same time as bet365 online games subsides, and in a few cases it occurs after bet365 online games subsides. Symptoms include pale complexion, cold limbs, weak or non-palpable pulse, decreased urine output, and in severe cases, confusion, cyanosis, DIC, cerebral edema, respiratory distress syndrome and acute renal failure.
(3) Oliguria phase: The 24-hour urine output is less than 400ml. There is often no clear boundary between the oliguria phase and the hypotension phase. The main manifestations are uremia, acidosis, water and electrolyte disorders, hypervolemia syndrome and pulmonary edema. The clinical manifestations are anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, diarrhea, dizziness, headache, irritability, lethargy, coma, convulsions, etc.
(4) Polyuria stage: The damage to the kidney tissue is gradually repaired, the urine output increases significantly, and the mental and appetite improves day by day. However, because the renal tubular reabsorption function has not yet fully recovered, the urine output increases significantly. The urine output is about 4000 to 6000ml per day, which can easily cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.
(5) During the recovery period, with the gradual recovery of renal function, urine output returns to about 2000ml, and mental and appetite are basically restored. It generally takes 1-3 months to fully recover physical strength. A few patients may retain high blood pressure and renal function disorders, myocardial strain and other symptoms.
6. Principles of treatment for hemorrhagic bet365 online games
"Three mornings and one stay" is the treatment principle for epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games, that is, early detection, early rest, early treatment and nearby treatment. Treatment is mainly based on comprehensive therapy, with antiviral therapy applied in the early stage and symptomatic treatment targeting pathophysiology in the middle and late stages.
7. Prevention of hemorrhagic bet365 online games:Epidemic hemorrhagic bet365 online games is a contagious disease, and comprehensive measures must be taken for prevention.
(1) Rat prevention and rat eradication:Preventing and killing rats is the key to eliminating this disease. On the basis of improving environmental sanitation and removing rodent habitats, rodent control measures based on drug killing are carried out. In student dormitories or classrooms, sticky rat boards or rodenticides can be used to eliminate rodents.
(2) Environmental governance:Renovate the campus environment and take targeted and decisive measures to effectively eliminate factors related to rodent hiding, habitat, breeding places and food sources.
(3) Vaccination:Vaccination against hemorrhagic bet365 online games is one of the most effective ways to prevent hemorrhagic bet365 online games.
(3) Personal protection:Strengthen personal protection as much as possible to prevent contact infection. You must do the following:
①Keep the room clean, ventilated, and dry. Do not leave eating food exposed in dormitories and offices. Clean leftover food in time to avoid attracting rats.
②Avoid contact with rodents and their excreta (urine) or secretions (saliva); do not eat raw or cold food, especially food, water and drinks suspected of being contaminated by rodents.
③ Avoid damage to the skin and mucous membranes. If there is any damage, disinfect it with iodine in time.
④ During the peak period of the epidemic of hemorrhagic bet365 online games, if you find a bet365 online games case, you should go to a health center for medical treatment in time. Do not take medicine by yourself to avoid delaying the condition.
8. Prevention and control measures for hemorrhagic bet365 online games in our school health center
(1) Vaccination:Our school is located in Chang'an District, which is a key monitoring area for hemorrhagic bet365 online games. After the new students in our school enter the school, the health center will vaccinate all new students against hemorrhagic bet365 online games. The full course of hemorrhagic bet365 online games vaccination requires 3 shots. The second shot is given 14 days after the first shot, and the third shot is given one year later.
(2) Hemorrhagic bet365 online games screening：All patients whose body temperature exceeds 37.5°C during outpatient consultation and within 24 hours before consultation must undergo routine blood tests, hemorrhagic bet365 online games, and routine urine tests without any conditions. Those who have symptoms of high bet365 online games and low back pain within a week but are not feverish when seeking medical treatment must also undergo routine blood tests, hemorrhagic bet365 online games, and routine urine tests.
(3) Suspected patients with hemorrhagic bet365 online games were found,Immediately transfer to Xi'an Infectious Disease Hospital by ambulance for diagnosis.
